Rabu, 20 Oktober 2010

[J775.Ebook] Fee Download Only Humans Need Apply: Winners and Losers in the Age of Smart Machines, by Thomas H. Davenport, Julia Kirby

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Only Humans Need Apply: Winners and Losers in the Age of Smart Machines, by Thomas H. Davenport, Julia Kirby

Only Humans Need Apply: Winners and Losers in the Age of Smart Machines, by Thomas H. Davenport, Julia Kirby



Only Humans Need Apply: Winners and Losers in the Age of Smart Machines, by Thomas H. Davenport, Julia Kirby

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Only Humans Need Apply: Winners and Losers in the Age of Smart Machines, by Thomas H. Davenport, Julia Kirby

An invigorating, thought-provoking, and positive look at the rise of automation that explores how professionals across industries can find sustainable careers in the near future.

Nearly half of all working Americans could risk losing their jobs because of technology. It’s not only blue-collar jobs at stake. Millions of educated knowledge workers—writers, paralegals, assistants, medical technicians—are threatened by accelerating advances in artificial intelligence.

The industrial revolution shifted workers from farms to factories. In the first era of automation, machines relieved humans of manually exhausting work. Today, Era Two of automation continues to wash across the entire services-based economy that has replaced jobs in agriculture and manufacturing. Era Three, and the rise of AI, is dawning. Smart computers are demonstrating they are capable of making better decisions than humans. Brilliant technologies can now decide, learn, predict, and even comprehend much faster and more accurately than the human brain, and their progress is accelerating. Where will this leave lawyers, nurses, teachers, and editors?

In Only Humans Need Apply, Thomas Hayes Davenport and Julia Kirby reframe the conversation about automation, arguing that the future of increased productivity and business success isn’t either human or machine. It’s both. The key is augmentation, utilizing technology to help humans work better, smarter, and faster. Instead of viewing these machines as competitive interlopers, we can see them as partners and collaborators in creative problem solving as we move into the next era. The choice is ours.

  • Sales Rank: #147379 in Books
  • Published on: 2016-05-24
  • Released on: 2016-05-24
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x .97" w x 6.00" l, .99 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 288 pages

Review
A fine call to action in the face of uncertainty. (Financial Times)

The world the authors describe may be unsettling, but it is a world that we would all recognize and will likely live to see. (Wall Street Journal)

This badly needed and well-researched book makes a convincing and inspiring case that the challenges ahead could be a catalyst to help us achieve far more of our potential and, in the process, become much more human. It is a powerful call to action and provides a roadmap that we ignore at our peril. It’s not enough to read this book; we need to act on it, now! (John Hagel, Chairman of the Deloitte Center for the Edge)

The winners in the analytics revolution won’t simply replace human decision-making, they will augment it. The essential guide to this management revolution is Davenport and Kirby’s remarkable new book. (Erik Brynjolfsson, Professor at MIT and co-author of The Second Machine Age)

Individual knowledge workers, corporate executives, and government leaders all need to read this book. Smart machines are going to change our work and our lives, and the sooner we begin to augment their capabilities, the more successful our economy will be. Davenport and Kirby are correct: people will augment these tools, rather than be automated by them. The sooner you learn about augmentation, the more successful you’ll be in the labor markets of the future. (Manoj Saxena, Former General Manager, IBM Watson)

From the Back Cover

An invigorating, thought-provoking, and positive look at the rise of automation that explores how professionals across industries can find sustainable careers in the near future

Nearly half of all working Americans risk losing their jobs because of technology. It’s not only blue-collar jobs at stake. Millions of educated “knowledge” workers—journalists, lawyers, doctors, marketers—are threatened by accelerating advances in artificial intelligence.

The industrial revolution shifted workers from farms to factories. In the first era of automation, machines relieved humans of manually exhausting work. Today Era Two of automation continues to wash across the entire services-based economy, replacing jobs in agriculture and manufacturing. Now Era Three, the rise of “cognitive computing,” is dawning. Smart computers are demonstrating they are capable of making better decisions than humans. Brilliant technologies can now learn, predict, decide, and even comprehend much faster and more accurately than the human brain, and their progress is accelerating. Where will this leave financial advisors, scientists, teachers, and other professionals?

In Only Humans Need Apply, Thomas H. Davenport and Julia Kirby reframe the conversation about automation, arguing that the future of increased productivity and business success isn’t either human or machine. It’s both. The key is augmentation, utilizing technology to help humans work better, smarter, and faster. Instead of viewing these machines as competitive interlopers, we must see them as partners and collaborators in creative problem solving as we move into the next era. The choice is ours.

About the Author

Thomas H. Davenport is the President’s Distinguished Professor in Management and Information Technology at Babson College, the cofounder of the International Institute for Analytics, a fellow of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy, and a senior advisor to Deloitte Analytics. He teaches analytics and big data in executive programs at Babson, Harvard Business School, MIT Sloan School, and Boston University, and is the author or coauthor of seventeen books.



Julia Kirby is a senior editor at Harvard University Press and a contributing editor for Harvard Business Review. She is the coauthor of Standing on the Sun: How the Explosion of Capitalism Abroad Will Change Business Everywhere.

Most helpful customer reviews

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
A Positive Look at Humanity's Opportunity to Live with Artificial Intelligence
By fitzalling
Let me start by saying that this book is well worth reading. This is the third of three books that I decided to read to gain perspective on the Information, some say Digital, Age. The first book was "Information: a Very Short Introduction" which I used to gain an overview of information itself. The second was "The Hacked World Order" which provided a useful overview of how nations, corporations, organized and aggressive political groups (think ISIS), and affiliations operating on the Internet (think Anonymous) compete, struggle, spy, undertake war, and the like on a national and global scale. With "Only Humans Need Apply" I hoped to gain insight into the effect of artificial intelligence in the Information Age on daily lives of humans. This book provides that insight.

The authors' argue that artificial intelligence should not and will not replace humans, but artificial intelligence will augment natural human capacities (empathy, integrity, creativity) which will not easily be reduced to logical rules and computer codes. They recognize that, in some areas, and the list of areas grows, the artificial intelligence of machines exceeds the natural intelligence of humans. The authors quote Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates in expressing deep concern over this development (pp. 225-6 in the hardback). The book focuses on how humans may respond to the expanding power and scope of artificial intelligence using human qualities that augment smart machines as smart machines augment the power of humans.

The book identifies five ways in which people may adapt to smart machines. These adaptive approaches are labeled stepping up, stepping aside, stepping in, stepping narrowly and stepping forward. The authors identify what each approach means, the type of people that may be drawn to or enabled to perform that particular adaptive approach, and the business organizations which may benefit from each approach. If you, as a reader, sometimes flinch at the business book style, I think you'll find these authors to be sufficiently thoughtful and non-dogmatic enough to warrant a careful review of their analysis. I personally expect that many individuals who are knowledge workers will use more than one adaptive approach as artificial intelligence encroaches into their world. According to the book, if you are in the insurance underwriting business smart machines already have a large beach head in your business. Radiologists and certain types of medical doctors are also experiencing the intrusion of smart machines into their professional lives.

Towards the end of the book, the authors touch on the possibility of war being waged by autonomous smart machines. They realize that there have been popular movies based on this premise. I would have been interested in a more expansive examination of this possible phenomenon. Perhaps they will explore this in their next book.

My one criticism, and it is the reason I gave the book four, and not five, stars, lies in what I sense is their underlying assumption that the world largely consists of persons with the intellectual gifts of the average denizen of MIT. The world doesn't. Artificial intelligence will negate the employment potential for an increasing number of people. This is not good. But artificial intelligence is a genii that will not go back into the bottle. The authors do not suggest that it will They are correct to look for ways to accommodate this genii. For this reason I strongly recommend it.

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
The Shift to the Augmentation Mindset! How To Save Your Career, Retool your skill sets and focus on the best places to add value
By Anthony F. Branda
Did Steve Jobs and Alan Turing Read Davenport and Kirby’s book? They sure behaved as if they understood the principles in “Only Human’s Need Apply” as they practiced “Augmentation.”
Tom Davenport’s book presents an outstanding, compelling, yet frightening case for everyone to pay more attention to automation and the impact it has on our own jobs. This book is a must read for every one and yes I mean everyone in the workforce in all industries and all roles. This books arms the human reader with various navigation paths to ensure future employment. Davenport explores in a very comprehensive way the future of work. This comprehensive journey reviews many industries and the impact that machines, artificial intelligence and computers have on work and what the future mix of human work versus computer work might be. This book is well grounded in technology history which makes it an interesting read as it is helpful to remember how we got here. The authors makes a compelling, yet sometimes, scary case for computer automation or rather the potential impact of current trends by reviewing the history of automation in each use case they profile. The book offers tips for human work for this new techno dominated workplace. The book focuses heavily on Insurance Underwriting, Stock Trading, Marketing Process Management and more. The book left a number of very provocative questions in my mind such as: 1) What should I do now to retool my skill set now? 2) Which industries, and job categories should I pursue and 3) Can senior management jobs be automated, how Cognitive can automation get? The book speculates what will happen with knowledge workers of which executive management is a part, but the question is does this extend to senior executive management and the board? (The book explores some aspects of this question.)
I love the reference to Steve Job’s and how it wasn’t his ability to code that made him a genius, it was his multi-disciplinary background that allowed him to add a “tweak” to a technical process based on deep knowledge of physics, calligraphy, art and computers. I think the idea of Augmentation also applies to how computers themselves were created by people like Allen Turing (See the film “The Imitation Game”) and others. In Turing’s case what saved millions of lives was someone’s ability to listen and have an intuition(Augmentation) about a very complex in that case mathematical problem involving life and death. It is interesting how these leaders were not only technology savvy but also multi-disciplinary (Creative, intuitive, rationale, mathematical/technical and both left and right brained).
Overall this is book is a must read for everyone in the modern workforce. Davenport and Kirby are subject matter experts on these topics and are extremely credible as evidenced by the research that went into this book. I recommend the reader devour this book and create a career plan to retool skill sets based on the 5 paths identified in the book.
• Stepping Up: Become involved with decision-making that computers can’t make but can assist
• Stepping Aside: Move to non-decision-oriented areas in which computers cannot assist
• Stepping in: Improve computer-generated decisions
• Stepping Narrowly: Be a specialize in work that cannot be automated
• Stepping Forward: Develop new systems and technology that support intelligent decisions and actions

Chapter 3, pages 76-77.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
This is a terrific book, perhaps Davenport’s best and most important
By Tom Redman
This is a terrific book, perhaps Davenport’s best and most important. For this review, I’m picking out three things I especially like. First, is the notion of how AI penetrates business. Its proponents have been making extravagant claims about its potential for a good long while, and it is easy to be dismissive. But Davenport and Kirby offer a solid rationale and “means of diffusion” through which it can happen, and some solid advise on how managers can make it happen.

Second, is the notion, and full explanation, of “augmentation.” I have, of course, seem the basic outline before. Here Davenport and Kirby provide the right level of argument that, for many/most/nearly all it is a terrific way to advance their careers and the cogent steps that people can actually take. I hope everyone sees a better future for themselves in here.

Third, is this book is extremely well-written, especially for such a tough and important subject area. The authors don’t shy away from hard issues and they do a good job both in presenting both sides and exposing their feelings. Finally, several passages are pretty darn funny.

I advise readers to mark up their copies—you’re going to go back to it over and over.

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